United Kingdom
Royal Horse Artillery


Carte-de-Visite, studio Mansfield in Dublin
Brevet Major Gaspard Le Marchant Tupper, Royal Horse Artillery, c. 1862


This superb 1860s composition shows a Field Officer in the Royal Horse Artillery, as shown by the elaborate cuff braiding.
His collar is only displaying a Star, which shows he has the rank of Major.
The Regimental Rank of Major had been abolished in the Royal Artillery on 6th November 1827 ; it would only be reinstated in 1872. This gentleman is thus a Captain and Brevet Major.
His medals show his involvement in the Crimean War ; he is sporting, from bottom left to top right :
- The British Crimean War Medal with several (likely 3) Clasps
- The Turkish Criman war Medal
- The 5th Class of the Order of the Medjidie
- Most likely the Sardinian "Al Valore Militare" Order
(the Medal of the order had a plain blue ribbon, and was often refitted with a British suspender).

It is likelwise interesting to note the Medals he doesn't have : no French Légion d'Honneur, and no other British Campaign Medal (and no Indian Mutiny Medal especially).

The only RHA officer I could find who would match this combination of Rank and Medals is Brevet Major Gaspard Le Marchant Tupper.
This identification has kindly been confirmed by Dinah Bott, from the
Priaux Library in Guernsey - currently offering online some superb research on the Le Marchant Tupper family.

Gaspard Le Marchant Tupper was born in 1826.

Gentleman Cadet Tupper was gazetted as a Second Lieutenant in the Royal Regiment of Artillery on June 26th, 1845. He was gazetted a First Lieutenant on April 2d, 1846.
The 1852 Hart's List shows that he was attached to the Horse Brigade by that time.
He was gazetted a Second Captain on November 15th, 1853 - Dated September 26th.

He served in the Crimea from 1854 to 1856 ; he took part in the battle of Balaklava, the repulse of the sortie on the 26th October 1854, was slightly wounded at Inkerman (November 5th 1854), and took part in the Siege and Fall of Sebastopol.
He was awarded the British Crimean War Medal with three Clasps, the 5th Class of the order of the Medjidie, the Sardinian War Medal, and Turkish Medal.

He was awarded a Brevet of Major on April 24th, 1855 (Commission dated 12th December, 1854).
An order of the Chief of the Staff published "Head-quarters, Sebastopol, Dec. 16, 1855" specified :
"No.1. The following officers of the Royal Artillery have been appointed to act as field officers, and may draw field allowance and forage accordingly from 18th of November, 1855 :-(...) Brevet-major G. Le M. Tupper (...)"
He was promoted to Captain on February 29th, 1856.

A General Order published "Head-quarters, Sebastopol, March 26" (1856) specified :
"No.2. the following officers of the Royal Artillery will proceed, on promotion, to the stations at which they will be quartered :- Brevet-Major H.J.Tupper (...), to England (...)"

He wouldn't stay long in England, as The Times published on November 8th, 1856 :
"The convict ship Norman Morrison, 529 tons' burden, W.Orchard, master, arrived at Woolwich yesterday, and embarked the following troops and passengers for Bermuda, namely, -Major G. Lemesurier (sic) Tupper, in command of the 4th Company 13th Battalion Royal Artillery, for Bermuda ; Captain J.Sinclair, Lieutenant S.Nicholson, Lieutenant C.S.V.Wilson, Lieutenant E.A.Sterm, Assistant-surgeon Chappell, 91 non-commissioned officers and gunners of the Royal Artillery (...)"

It seems that Gaspard Le Marchant Tupper had already spent some time in Bermuda, as stated in a recent ...art (!) exhibition :
"Watercolours of Nassau as it was in Victorian times by Royal Artillery officer Gaspard Le Marchant Tupper, who was stationed here at that time. The R.G.A. entering Fort George, 1844. Artist: Gaspard Le Marchant Tupper (1826 - 1906) Production date: 1845 ; Gaspard Le Marchant Tupper( Lieutenant-General) (1826-1906) British, in Bermuda 1857-1858 as a major in the Royal Artillery"

In 1858 we find him indeed back to England, in command of A Troop of Royal Horse Artillery (which he likely then took over from Major Ward's command)- training at Shoeburyness in early August, before leaving on the 16th inst. for Woolwich. They would hence leave on the 23d for Canterbury, in charge of a battery of 18-pounders siege-guns, serving as extra-hands to the Royal Carriage Department to deploy the guns toadd to the fortifications of the coast defences.

Until 1862, the battery would alternate between head-quarters at Woolwich and Aldershot camp. On July 28th 1860 the battery had been fitted with a full complement of six new Armstrong guns at Kingston.
Major Tupper married Mary Charlotte on May 13th, 1861 at Kinwarton Church, Warwickshire.

His battery was sent to Ireland in 1862, leaving Aldershot en route for Bristol, and thence to Dublin on September 2d. That's the very day Major Tupper was gazetted a Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel.
The RHA in Ireland was then under the command of
Colonel Phillpotts.
In April 1864 the Royal Horse Artillery was reorganized, and the A Battery of the 1st Horse Brigade now kwown as the A Bettery, A Brigade, RHA.

By 1865 the Battery, was back to England, and the Brigade was designated for India.
The Times published on Thursday,August 17th, 1865 :
"The Hydaspes.-Plymouth, Tuesday Evening.
- Mr. Moore, pilot, has landed here from the screw steamship Hydaspes, Commander William Train, R.N.R., which left Gravesend on Saturday for Calcutta, made the Start yesterday, and at 2 p.m. to-day was near the Eddystone under steam and fore and aft canvas. Tn coming down Channel very hard winds from the westward were experienced. The Hydaspes has on board the following troops and officers, under command of Colonel the Hon. E.T.Gage, R.H.A.- viz., Lieutenant-Colonel Gaspard le Marchant Tupper, R.H.A. (...) with A, B, and C Batteries, A brigade R.H.A. (...)"

The Hydaspes reached Bombay on the 10th of December.
Gaspard Le Marchant Tupper was gazetted a Lieutenant-Colonel on february 14th, 1868 (dated February 2d), and we find him back to England in 1869, as told by The Times on October 8th, 1869 :
"On Wednesday Lieut.-Gen. the Hon. sir James Yorke Scarlett, G.C.B., inspected the Artillery Division at Aldershott. The division, consisting of A Battery C Brigade and B Battery B Brigade RHA, under the command of Col. the Hon. E.T.Gage ; and C and G batteries 11th Brigade RA under the command of Col. Tupper, formed up on Eelmoor-hill (...)"

By 1871 he was attached back to the Horse Artillery, as told by The Times on October 17th, 1871 :
"The Duke of Cambridge (…) arrived at Woolwich yesterday morning by road from London, for the purpose of making the annual inspection of the troops under the command of Major-Gen. Sir David Wood, K.C.B., Commandant of the district. (…) The first line consisted of the F and G Batteries of the B Brigade, RHA, under the command of Col. G le M. Tupper (...)"
He was then in command of the B Brigade of Royal Horse Artillery.

His promotion to the rank of Colonel bears the date July 1st, 1877.
He was gazetted a Major-General on May 2d, 1884 (dated April 1st).
On March 8th, 1887 he was gazetted a Major-General on the Staff, "to command the Troops at Woolwich" (dated April 1st, 1887).
He was gazetted a Lieutenant-General on March 16th, 1888 (dated October 25th, 1887).
He was gazetted a Companion of the Bath on June 27th 1905, at the occasion of the "Jubilee of the Crimean War".

His death was announced by The Times on July 5th, 1906 :
"TUPPER.- On the 2nd July, at 24, Cornwall-gardens, S.W., Lieut.-General Gaspard Le M. Tupper, C.B., Colonel-Commandant Royal horse Artilery, in the 80th year of his age. No flowers."


Many thanks to Dinah Bott